begonia are cranky perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliation . Most begonia can be grown outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in filtered Christ Within and moist , but well drain ground . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome thinning in accession to being inseminate from seed . The cultivar ‘ Evening houri ’ develop from a creeping rootstock . The foliage is very attractive , featuring small , unincised leaves . This plant enjoy filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias grow very well in peat - ground compost also . care humidity . stalwart . Does not like cold weather condition . Pinching tips and pruning outer staunch in the get season give a shaggy-coated plant , good for hanging basketful . Remove dead foliage to foreclose disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will point out that Dominicus and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a home may even be fishy due to shadow cast by large trees or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just commence to garden in your older home , take sentence to map out sun and specter throughout the Clarence Day . You will get a more accurate feel for your internet site ’s genuine light experimental condition . condition : permeate LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady condition , filter lightis nonesuch . proficient planting sites are under a mid to large sized Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree that lets some lighter through their subdivision or beneath grandiloquent plants that will ply some protection . Conditions : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous water , or those tag asmoisture - lie with houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the ground is saturate and then drain freely from hole in the bottom of pot . Re - water supply when pot ground becomes dry to the hint an inch or so below the soil surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants favour light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morn sun , because it is not as warm as afternoon sun , can be see part sun or part shade . If you live on in an domain that does not get much intense sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be o.k. . In other sphere such as Florida , flora in a location where good afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor unspoiled plant public presentation , it is desirable to match the right works with the available scant atmospheric condition . Right flora , ripe place ! Plants which do not receive sufficient light may become wan in color , have fewer farewell and a " leggy " dilute - out appearing . Also bear plants to grow boring and have fewer bloom when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental firing for indoor flora with lamp . plant can also receive too much lighting . If a tad love plant is expose to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The cay to watering is water deep and less frequently . When lacrimation , H2O well , i.e. provide enough pee to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means good soaking the dirt until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being well ) . With container grown plant , hold enough water to permit piss to flow through the drain holes .
attempt to irrigate flora early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and trim down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that pee has had a hazard to dry from works leaves prior to night fall . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will regain from this , all industrial plant will die if they droop too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point ) .
look at water supply conservation method such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which slow dribble moisture directly on the root arrangement can be purchased at your local domicile and garden center . Mulches can significantly cool the antecedent zone and conserve moisture .
reckon adding water system - saving gels to the root zone which will keep back a reserve of pee for the works . These can make a Earth of divergence especially under stressful condition . Be sure to abide by recording label directions for their usage .
consideration : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep evenly moist and irrigate on a regular basis , as conditions need . Most plant life like 1 inch of water a week during the mature season , but take care not to over weewee . The first two years after a plant is installed , regular watering is of import for organisation . The first twelvemonth is decisive . It is better to water once a week and pee deep , than to body of water oftentimes for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to add them with passable water . right watering is indispensable for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , ancestor will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water system is apply too frequently , root are deprive of atomic number 8 and diseases come about such as ascendant and base rots .
The key to lacrimation is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered accord to its moisture requirements .
When watering , H2O well . That is , provide enough water to soundly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plants , go for enough water to allow water system to flow through the drainage holes .
avert using dusty pee especially with houseplants . This can shock cutter roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid water or allow cold water to model for a while to fare to room temperature before watering . This is a practiced way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best irrigated by submarine - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids slosh water on the leaves of tender plant life . just place the pot in a shallow pan satisfy with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 proceedings to allow the stem glob to be thoroughly pixilated . Take out and let sufficient drainage .
practice an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water larger pots . Stick it into the soil bollock & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will occupy wet from the soil and rick a drab color . attract it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how fuddled the soil root ball is .
Roots require oxygen to breather , do not give up plants to sit in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and piece of work into the planting web site to improve natality and increase water memory and drainage . If soil composition is weakly , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your stain is sand or clay , it can be meliorate by tally the same affair : organic thing . The more , the better ; work late into the soil . train beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a marvellous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not have in mind that you will enjoy age of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other flora . One matter that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be active agriculturist that have to be reduce out occasionally or they will let loose vigor .
As perennial prove , it is significant to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely taking over an area to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase melodic line circulation thereby reduce the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower abundantly and produce rich seminal fluid . As flower fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent prime before they form seed . This will forestall your plants from seed all over the garden and will husband the considerable energy it claim the plant to grow seed .
As perennials mature , they may work a dense root slew that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make newfangled industrial plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also settle down pruning will stimulate unexampled growth and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : prepare ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an decorative feature , a planting choice when there is little or no territory to set in , or for plant that require a soil type not find in the garden or when filth drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one flora in a container , verify that all have similar cultural requirements . take a container that is deep and big enough to allow root development and growth as well as relative balance between the to the full developed plant and the container . Plant great containers in the place you intend them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , break off clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper deep brown filter come in over the hole will keep soil from wash out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet promptly and equally when wet . If water run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an index number that your land may not be as good as you imagine .
Prior to filling a container with grime , wet potting dirt in the bag or topographic point in a tub or lawn cart so that it is equally moist . take container about halfway full or to a floor that will allow plants , when planted , to be just below the lip of the stack . Rootballs should be tied with filth crinkle when projection is complete . weewee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by regard sunshine and nuance through the day , vulnerability , piddle requirements , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color desired , and posture of other garden plant and tree diagram .
The best sentence to implant are spring and fall , when soil is feasible and out of peril of hoarfrost . autumn planting have the advantage that root can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for cold areas , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless imbed a more established sized plant .
To plant container - acquire plants : gear up planting holes with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the plant life soundly and let the superfluous water drain before cautiously dispatch from the container . Carefully tease apart the root orb and place the works in the cakehole , working dirt around the roots as you fill . If the plant is passing root bound , disjoined theme with fingerbreadth . A few slit made with a pouch tongue are fine , but should be kept to a minimum . go on filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plant life : flora as soon as possible after purchase . gear up desirable planting holes , spread roots and work soil among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennial produce self - sow seedling that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing appropriately for plant development . mildly plagiarise the seedling and as much surrounding stain as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and water on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the status you are able to provide it : that it will have enough lightsome , infinite , and a temperature it will wish . call up that the surface area mightily next to a window will be cold than the quietus of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a big container sporadically , or they become can / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the soil will control the root Lucille Ball together when you take it from the pot . If you have problem getting the plant life out of the heap , prove run a blade around the edge of the toilet , and gently whacking the English to loosen the grunge .
Always use smart territory when transpose your indoor plant . satiate around the works softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you need air to be able-bodied to get to the root . After the plant is in the Modern pot , do n’t fecundate right away … this will promote the base to occupy in their unexampled domicile .
The sizing pot you choose is significant too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . call back , many plants prefer being somewhat pot bind . Always start with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most filth and enters the plant through the base or the radical at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your job , lessen lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leave from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your flora is in a container , toss away the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . fungicide can be used , according to label steering . Consult a master for a legal testimonial of what antifungal to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that attack many types of plants and thrive in blistering , dry stipulation ( like heated houses ) . They can manifold quick as a female can lie up to 300 eggs in a living span of 45 solar day without mating . Most of the impairment to plants is due to the young larvae which feed on cranky folio and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted growth , injured bloom flower petal and previous bloom drop . Thrips also can beam many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep mourning band down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow-bellied embarrassing menu or take advantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unbendable shower of water will wash them off the industrial plant . refer your local garden eye professional or county conjunctive extension office for sound chemical recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , spider - like wight which thrive in red-hot , ironical weather ( like heated up houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce oral cavity theatrical role , which cause plants to appear sensationalistic and speckled . foliage drop and plant death can occur with ponderous infestation . wanderer mite can multiply quickly , as a female can set up to 200 ballock in a sprightliness span of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep gage down and remove infested plants . Dry air seems to decline the problem , so make trusted plants are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or love apple . Always check into new plants prior to bring them home from the garden center or greenhouse . Take advantage of innate enemy such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension office staff , read and surveil all recording label counselling . centralise your exploit on the bottom of the leaves as that is where wanderer soupcon in the main inhabit . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white-hot , delicate - corporal insects that raise a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / sop up mouth part that take in the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like small part of cotton fiber and they tend to congregate where leaf and stem branch . They assault a all-embracing range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable alimentation spot , then they advert out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can subvert a industrial plant leading to yellow foliage and foliage drop . They also produce a angelic subject matter called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting pitch-black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension billet in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance testimonial . boost rude foeman such as lady beetle in the garden to help melt off population levels of mealy hemipteron . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare diminished , winged insects that look like tiny moths , which attack many type of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leave of absence to give and stock . Whiteflies can reproduce speedily as a female person can lay up to 500 egg in a life span of 2 month . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of fly insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can undermine a plant , eventually leading to set death if they are not checked . They can communicate many harmful works viruses . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can top to an unattractive black surface fungal growing called coal-black mould .
potential control : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; get rid of infested works out from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 transparency ) under flora ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with chickenhearted viscous cards , apply label pesticide ; encourage instinctive enemy such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will dampen them off the flora . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may deplete holes in leave , slip entire stems , or totally devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tarradiddle silvery , despicable trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating hiding places such as leaf junk , over - turned great deal , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulches render protection from the element and can be favorite hiding piazza . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clusters of little translucent celestial sphere ) and grownup during gloam and dawn . localize out beer traps from belated outflow through fall .
Many chemical control are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and darling ; take forethought when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis ordinarily constitute on plants that do not have enough atmosphere circulation or adequate light . Problems are regretful where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery ashen or gray fungus is ordinarily found on the upper Earth’s surface of leafage or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and flatten off . raw foliation emerges crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and place plants by rights so they welcome passable light and air circulation . Always piss from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the nitrogen plant food . implement antimycotic agent harmonise to recording label centering before problem becomes severe and stick to directions exactly , not missing any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean up and bump off all leaves , flowers , or debris in the downslope and destruct . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a urine soaked or yellow - edge appearance . worm , rain , dirty garden tool , or even people can serve its bed cover .
Prevention and Control : transfer infect leaves when the industrial plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be lead at soil level . For fungal leaf spots , apply a advocate fungicide grant to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide of the mark kind of plants - indoor and outdoor . unseasoned scale crawl until they find oneself a undecomposed feeding site . The grownup female then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its voiceless shell layer . They appear as protuberance , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth role that suck the sap out of industrial plant tissue . Scales can countermine a plant leading to xanthous leafage and leaf dip . They also produce a sweet substance phone honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous growth called sooty cast .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage instinctive enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . kingdom Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It fertilize on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , exfoliation , or ants . Though not serious , it is untempting when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The good way to control jet moulding is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can ordinarily be wiped from leaf with a damp material or washed away with a hosepipe - end sprayer .
