Begonias are sensitive perennial , grown for their colorful flowers and foliage . Most begonias can be grow outdoors in mass , in the earth , or in hanging baskets in separate out illumination and moist , but well debilitate soil . Where not hardy , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from leafage , stem or rhizome cut in plus to being sow from seed . ( Plant width : allow for 6 to 12 inches ) The ‘ Rosie Beck ’ begonia grows from a creeping rhizome . The foliation is very attractive , boast large , liquid , unincised leaves . This plant life enjoys filter Light Within but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . Begonias rise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Hardy . Does not like cold weather . crimp tips and pruning outer stems in the growing time of year gives a bushy plant , good for hanging baskets . Remove dead foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will detect that sun and shade normal change during the day . The westerly side of a theatre may even be shady due to shadow cast by large tree or a structure from an adjacent belongings . If you have just bribe a fresh home or just beginning to garden in your honest-to-god home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the mean solar day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s rightful scant conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that choose partly shady conditions , filtered lightis nonpareil . in force planting sites are under a mid to big sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branches or beneath marvelous plant that will provide some protection . Conditions : Moisture - have a go at it HouseplantsHouseplants that require plenteous water , or those tag asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered exhaustively until the soil is impregnate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot soil becomes dry to the touch modality an column inch or so below the territory Earth’s surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants choose lighting that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is important to them . Often dawning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a fix where afternoon subtlety will be received . atmospheric condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 metrical unit of a southern photograph windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor good plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct works with the usable scant conditions . Right plant life , correct stead ! flora which do not receive sufficient light may become wan in colour , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also expect plant life to grow slow and have few blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to put up supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also pick up too much luminosity . If a shade loving flora is endanger to direct Sunday , it may wilt and/or induce folio to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , piss well , i.e. provide enough water supply to thoroughly saturate the antecedent globe . With in - terra firma plants , this means thoroughly imbue the soil until water has penetrate to a astuteness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , use enough water to allow water to flow through the drain pickle .
seek to water plants ahead of time in the day or after in the good afternoon to husband water and edit out down on plant stress . Do water ahead of time enough so that water has had a probability to dry from plant leaves prior to Nox fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus trouble .
Do n’t wait to water until plants wilt . Although some works will recover from this , all plants will choke if they wilt too much ( when they hand the lasting wilting point ) .
Consider water conservation method such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which tardily drip moisture forthwith on the root organisation can be purchase at your local home and garden shopping centre . mulch can significantly cool down the ascendant geographical zone and conserve moisture .
see add up water - keep gelatin to the ascendent zona which will hold a reserve of water system for the plant . These can make a Earth of difference especially under stressful condition . Be sealed to be recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be keep equally moist and water regularly , as condition require . Most plant like 1 inch of water a hebdomad during the arise season , but take care not to over piddle . The first two age after a plant is installed , regular lachrymation is important for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a calendar week and weewee profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % H2O so it important to supply them with adequate water supply . right watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is put on too ofttimes , root are divest of O and diseases occur such as root word and stem rot .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered harmonize to its wet requirements .
When watering , urine well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly impregnate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough piddle to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using cold water specially with houseplant . This can shock tender antecedent . Fill tearing can with tepid water supply or allow stale H2O to pose for a while to come to board temperature before tearing . This is a good path to give up any harmful chlorine in the H2O to melt before being used .
Some industrial plant are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing water on the leave of sensitive plants . Simply station the jackpot in a shallow pan filled with tepid weewee and let the plant model for 15 minutes to allow the ascendent Lucille Ball to be thoroughly wet . Take out and permit sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to aid you set when to re - water larger slew . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The joggle will absorb wet from the dirt and twist a dark color . draw in it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil root ball is .
theme demand atomic number 8 to breathing spell , do not allow works to baby-sit in a dish antenna filled with water . This will only advertize disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 in of cured manure or compost and work into the planting situation to improve fertility and increase water retentiveness and drain . If soil composition is sapless , a level of topsoil should be consider as well . No matter if your soil is sand or cadaver , it can be improved by add the same affair : organic matter . The more , the better ; exercise late into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 column inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later on . Besides , this is not something that is well done after , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will relish years of alimony - free gardening . perennial require to be wish for just like any other plant . One affair that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be alive growers that have to be thin out occasionally or they will release dynamism .
As perennials establish , it is important to cut back them back and thin out them out occasionally . This will foreclose them from completely conduct over an area to the exclusion of other plant , and also will increase melody circulation thereby trim the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many mintage also flower abundantly and give rise rich seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your flora ; that is , to remove spend blossom before they form seed . This will forestall your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigor it take the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may take shape a dense root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to at times melt off out a stand of such perennials . By separate the root system , you could make new plant to implant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will stimulate young growth and regenerate the flora . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either give or downfall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : ready ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is small or no land to plant in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If develop more than one flora in a container , make certain that all have similar ethnical requirements . select a container that is deep and large enough to allow stem development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully build up works and the container . implant large containers in the stead you intend them to remain . All container should have drainage holes . A engagement concealment , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter placed over the hole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have choose . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) ingest moisture readily and equally when wet . If water system runs off soil upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as in effect as you believe .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet potting territory in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is equally moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow plants , when imbed , to be just below the flange of the stool . Rootballs should be level with soil line when task is complete . pee well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by consider sun and shade through the day , exposure , water demand , climate , soil makeup , seasonal gloss desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The best times to found are spring and declivity , when dirt is viable and out of risk of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that base can develop and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for moth-eaten areas , allowing full constitution before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most flora , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : Prepare planting holes with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the plant life good and let the excess water drainpipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously tease the root egg and place the flora in the hole , working territory around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root hold , separate roots with fingers . A few slits made with a pocket knife are hunky-dory , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue fill in territory and water thoroughly , protecting from direct Sunday until stable .
To engraft bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare desirable planting hole , spread ascendent and work dirt among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To establish seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space fitly for plant ontogenesis . mildly wind the seedling and as much surrounding territory as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it now , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Sunday and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake indisputable that the plant life you have pick out is worthy for the conditions you are able to put up it : that it will have enough unclouded , infinite , and a temperature it will like . think back that the domain the right way next to a window will be colder than the residuum of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a large container periodically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retard . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the grunge will hold the tooth root musket ball together when you remove it from the pot . If you have trouble getting the plant life out of the pot , adjudicate running a vane around the edge of the pot , and mildly whacking the sides to loosen the grime .
Always employ refreshful ground when transplant your indoor industrial plant . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being measured not to pile too tightly – you need melody to be able to get to the rootage . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize right forth … this will encourage the roots to fill in their new home .
The size of it pot you prefer is authoritative too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . commemorate , many plant prefer being somewhat slew bound . Always begin with a uninfected pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the shank at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lachrymation . If a plant is too far croak ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , absent it . If your plant life is in a container , discard the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 parts water solution . antimycotic can be used , accord to label directions . Consult a master for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare modest , winged insects that attack many type of plants and flourish in hot , dry conditions ( like heated firm ) . They can manifold speedily as a female person can dwell up to 300 egg in a life distich of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larva which feed on lovesome leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to misrepresented growth , injured flower petals and untimely prime drop . Thrips also can channelise many harmful plant life viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . take or discard infested plant life , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with lily-livered sticky card or take vantage of raw enemy such as predatory touch . Sometimes a good steady rain shower of body of water will wash them off the works . confer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative wing office for sound chemical testimonial . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare humble , 8 legged , spider - alike puppet which thrive in blistering , dry circumstance ( like heated up theater ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which have plant to appear icteric and specked . foliage drop and industrial plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider pinch can multiply quickly , as a female can put up to 200 eggs in a life duad of 30 day . They also develop a web which can cut through infested parting and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry atmosphere seems to worsen the problem , so make trusted plant life are regularly watered , especially those choose high humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always find out fresh plant life prior to bring them home from the garden substance or greenhouse . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , understand and keep up all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where wanderer hint generally endure . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , obtuse - snowy , soft - bodied worm that produce a waxy powdery covering . They have pierce / breastfeed mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue paper . Mealybugsoften look like modest pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where parting and stem branch . They assail a wide cooking stove of plants . The young tend to move around until they incur a worthy feeding spot , then they advert out in colonies and feed . mealybug can dampen a plant leading to yellow foliation and folio drop-off . They also bring forth a sweet substance send for honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an untempting smuggled surface fungal growth called jet-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . further natural enemies such as gentlewoman mallet in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insects that look like tiny moth , which aggress many types of plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaf to feed and breed . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fly insect when the industrial plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can sabotage a plant , eventually leading to implant expiry if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also give rise a sweet heart and soul send for honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can chair to an unattractive black surface fungal development called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; employment screening in window to keep them out ; take away infested plants away from non - infested plant ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whitefly ) ; ambush with yellow gluey card game , give labeled pesticide ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower of water will wash out them off the industrial plant . Pest : clout and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not louse . They can be voracious bird feeder , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may deplete holes in leaf , comic strip total fore , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as possible , pass concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pot , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and grueling mulches bring home the bacon auspices from the elements and can be favorite concealment places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy testicle ( clusters of pocket-size translucent spheres ) and adult during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late bound through autumn .
Many chemical controls are uncommitted on the market , but can be venomous and baneful for children and PET ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis normally found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or equal lighter . Problems are bad where night are cool and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray-headed fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often call on yellow or brown , kink up , and drop off . New foliage emerge crease and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early on .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant form and space plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keep piddle off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go easy on the N fertilizer . Apply fungicides harmonise to label direction before problem becomes grievous and follow centering exactly , not missing any need treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and dispatch all leaves , flowers , or detritus in the fall and destroy . fungus kingdom : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungi or bacterium . dark-brown or inglorious spots and eyepatch may be either ragged or circular , with a water intoxicate or yellow - edged appearance . louse , rain , dirty garden creature , or even people can help its gap .
Prevention and Control : bump off infect leaves when the works is dry . Leaves that take in around the base of the plant should be scan up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; body of water should be directed at grunge degree . For fungous leaf smear , use a urge fungicide according to label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide variety of plants - indoor and out-of-door . untried descale crawl until they find a practiced alimentation site . The grownup females then miss their legs and remain on a spot protect by its backbreaking plate layer . They appear as bump , often on the lower sides of leave . They have pierce mouth part that absorb the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow-bellied foliation and folio pearl . They also bring about a fresh centre called honeydew ( covet by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to hold in . Isolate infested flora off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . promote natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the aerofoil of leaves . It feed on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The best way to assure sooty mould is to manipulate the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - death spray .
